Livre d'Or

Yay, glad you liked the post! I nearly dedicated it to you but then I thought maybe you'd be embarrassed, so I didn't.

I like having the definite article as a suffix. It's a very cute feature and one I've not come across before, certainly not in a language which is mostly not inflected.

There are two ways to do the passive. One is as in English, with bli, which means get in the sense of become, and a past participle (supine). The other is morphological, it's a distinct form of the verb, with its own past tense and everything. Also there are what in Latin you would call deponent verbs, ones which only have a passive even though the meaning is active. The verb to breathe, for example.

There mostly aren't separable verbs here. There are verbs with prepositional prefixes, but they stay attached, and there are phrasal verbs, but the preposition never gets attached to the main verb. Generally, a verb with an indirect object stresses the verb, usually on the first syllable, whereas a phrasal verb stresses the preposition. This is bad enough except sometimes the verb is the same and it's only the stress which distinguishes them. Eg hälsa på means to greet, but hälsa på means to visit.

Declining the adjectives is certainly to do with whether the noun is definite or not. But it also depends on the adjective. So ett gender nouns usually add a t to the adjective if the noun is in the definite form, but en gender nouns sometimes add an n and sometimes don't. And if it's the kind of definite form with this, you use the plural. And... I will try and look up the rules I have so I can give you something more formal, because the whole problem is that I don't understand this bit of grammar so I may be explaining it wrong.